Ontological foundations and current applications of the ancient Indian concept of knowledge and historical development

The author of the article continues to consider the possibility of constructing the cycle theory based on ancient Indian material. The ancient Indian concept of cognition and historical development arose in the context of the eight-element ontological models of antiquity. It is distinguished by the quantitative expression of qualitative characteristics. Special coefficients allow the transition from the "ideal" model to the modeling of real historical processes. The article clarifies the reasons why in the "axial" period in the application of this concept there was a transition to measuring time by divine ages, which made it irrelevant for measuring human history. The purpose of the analysis is to include the ancient Indian cycle into the scientific interdisciplinary discourse. The subject of research is the ontological levels that constitute this model. A 240-year period of national history is used as a micromodel of the analyzed cycle. The analysis takes into account comparable chronological models of antiquity, the numerical model of the Indian Sankhya, as well as cultural practices. When determining the general characteristics of the processes, the author applies the Plato’s concept of government forms. When defining the "spirit of the times" he takes into account the concept of poetic experiences of ancient Indian poetics. The central part of this micromodel reveals the action of the 72-year rhythm, due to its structural features of the ancient Indian cycle.