An ontology of communication as a philosophical problem: methodological capacities and heuristic consequences

The paper considers the ontology of communication as a philosophical problem. Being a primary focus of sociological theories of any kind, communication as an essential sphere of a human being has been treated as a construct of objective reality. However, communication has stronger and core potential in terms of philosophy. Through the concept of a lifeworld, communication becomes the focal point in the conventionalist concept of K. Popper and a theory of the communicative action by J. Habermas. Communication plays a peculiar heuristic role in the existential philosophy of K. Jaspers. The pretexts of communication are basically determined by freedom as a transcendent notion that is partly implemented in the state and legal sphere of the human lifeworld. Communication is possible as a basis for the rational knowledge only in the context of free social development, on the one hand, and the availability of the full-blown institution of the public sphere and the existential detachment of a human being, on the other.