Ontologization of cognition: levels, directions and means of implementation

The article investigates the problem of ontologization of cognition, i.e. increasing the level of conformity between the knowledge system and being. Various levels of ontologization of knowledge are examined depending on the nature of the reflection of reality in the system of knowledge. Four levels of ontology are distinguished: the first level corresponds to the injective and bijective mappings of reality onto the knowledge system; the second level involves surjective mapping; the third level encompasses knowledge formed through isomorphic mapping of relationships between elements from reality onto the knowledge system; the fourth level involves knowledge formed through isomorphic mapping of relationships between elements within the knowledge system. Prospects for the ontologization of cognition are related to the expansion of metaphysical and consequent knowledge, the elevation to the fourth level of knowledge domains that lack ontologicality, and the expansion of knowledge linking secondary laws and properties of objects to patterns. The main tool for ontologizing cognition should be a general theory of systems, extended with a metaphysical component and supplemented with extensive collections of patterns, primitives, secondary properties and laws. The author is working on such a general systems theory, referred to as the “empirico-metaphysical general theory of systems”. In conclusion, development of an empirico-metaphysical theory of systems promises to provide a robust framework for addressing the challenges of cognition representation, synthesis, and application across diverse domains. As researchers continue to delve into the nuances of ontological alignment, the proposed framework offers a promising avenue for fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and advancing our understanding of the fundamental nature of cognition.