Determination of the significance of the biomechanical parameters of the last run-up steps for the jump result long jumpers of various qualifications with the Optojump Next measuring system

Relevance. Numerous studies of scientists confirm the high importance of the run-up, especially its last steps, for achieving the overall result in the long jump. However, for a long time, the influence of speed on the final result of the jump was mainly studied. Modern equipment allows you to determine the parameters of the run-up and their impact on the jump range in a larger volume and with greater accuracy. This should help the specialist coaches in their work to train the jump athletes. Of particular interest is the study of the biomechanical parameters of the last steps of the run-up in long jumpers of different qualifications, from the level of the II sports category to the level of the master of sports, due to the insufficient number of research works on this topic. Research aim was to obtain and analyze data on the biomechanical parameters of the last run-up steps using the OptoJump Next measurement system and determine their impact on the result. Methods and organization of the study. The studied athletes were divided into two subgroups according to the level of qualification: MS and CMC, as well as athletes of the I and II category. Data on the performance of the run - up and jump were obtained at the competitions on the basis of the KSUFKST arena. The results of the study showed a high reliability of differences in the speed of the run-up in the last steps in the athletes of the two study groups. In addition, there are also differences in the time of support at the penultimate step of the run-up and the frequency of the penultimate step. For the rest of the presented parameters, no significant differences were found. A high correlation between the speed of the run-up and the result of the jump was revealed in the athletes of both groups. The high correlation with the result is also shown in the speed at the last step of the run-up. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that athletes of higher qualification achieve a high result in the jump by achieving and maintaining the speed of the run-up, less time of repulsion on the bar and the time of support at the penultimate step of the run-up, as well as a greater frequency of movements at the penultimate step. In addition, of all the studied biomechanical parameters, only the run-up speed at the last four steps, as well as the speed of the last step, have a consistently high correlation with the jump length.