Optimization and resource distribution management in a national economy: the choice of structure

The purpose of the research is to develop resource management tools aimed to appropriately distribute the resources and to justify the ways for copying with the structure choice problem as regards the Schumpeterian approach to the economic development. The methodology of the research includes the Schumpeterian economic growth model, structural analysis, and conventional optimization methods, in particular the gradient projection method which gives alternatives for optimization task solution algorithms. These methods are applied to show the structures with the maximum profit and minimum risk in resource distribution in the national economy, which underlies the resource distribution management task. A model of interaction between the old and new combinations which are officially provided as investments into the old and cutting edge technologies was proposed within the Schumpeterian economic growth model. The economy restructuring was defined as the evolutionary changes of its structure under Joseph Schumpeter's theory, and the modes of the economic dynamics were identified from the correlation between the effects of creative destruction and combinatorial augmentation. The article describes the results of the optimizational simulation which prove that the Schumpeterian economy restructuring provides the prerequisites for new combinations which enhance the possibilities for their own development and for the development of the old combinations. The correlation between the profit and risk rates or expert decisions could become a criterion for decision making at a characteristic point. This fundamentally improves the quality of the managerial decision justification at different levels of an economic body which faces structural tasks of resource distribution. A structural choice problem together with its solution makes the priority task in the economic development of the managed system relevant. The research concludes that the structural policy is an essential element in the strategy aimed to develop a new model of the economic development of Russia, because, in fact, institutional changes and measures taken to create the business environment with no restructuring of the sectorial economic proportions look like the palliative aid with no prerequisites for the new type of economic growth. The research is seen to be promising in finding the particular solutions for resource distribution among the sectors and activity types according to the target functions of the economic system development. What is more, this issue updates the task to identify the impact of new combinations on the exising combinations, as well as to examine the factors which determine this impact. It would also be relevant to find the characteristic points of resource distribution for the particular tasks in the management of the national economy, e.g. state programs, which would enable the stakeholders to develop qualitative (expert) approaches to justify the resources distribution in an economic system.