Pedagogical and psychological mesurement experience in Russia and the world: «pro» and «contra»

The article deals with the problem of intellect measurement possibilities on the whole and testing as a method of measuring quality of academic and professional knowledge in particular. The status of test as the instrument of measuring cognition is conditioned by its professional appliance in social practice. Intelligence testing experience of 1920-ies in Russia and foreign practice of testing in education is being discussed in connection with Russian state exam.