Organizational Conditions and Models of Online Schools in the Kyrgyz Republic

The article analyzes the legal, organizational, and socio-economic grounds for establishing online schools in the Kyrgyz Republic. It is established that current legislation explicitly permits the use of distance education technologies, and the state pilot project 'Online School Tunguch' (2025–2028) confirms the government's institutional interest in this format. Based on a normative analysis, eight key organizational requirements for an online school are systematized: from legal entity registration and licensing to the creation of a digital learning environment and internal quality control. The relevance of online education is substantiated considering the country's geographic specifics, the needs of children with special educational needs, labor migrant families, and the digitalization of public education. A comparative analysis of three organizational models is conducted, and key risks with mitigation measures are identified. A phased development strategy is proposed — from a supplementary education platform to a fully licensed general education institution.