Basic principles of odontopreparation for non-removable orthopedic structures (literature review)

Introduction. The actual problem of dentists-orthopedists at the present time is a violation of the odontopreparation protocol and, as a result, poor-quality fixation of various non-removable orthopedic structures. For a strong and reliable fixation of non-removable orthopedic structures, special requirements must be imposed on them in terms of the shape and surface of the support of the processed tooth. These requirements include: parallelism of the walls of the prepared tooth (must be cylindrical); parallelism of the vertical walls of the stumps of the teeth, high-quality gingival ledge [1, 2]. Qualitatively prepared teeth for orthopedic structures, observance of parallelism of the walls create optimal conditions for stable fixation of orthopedic structures. Correctly executed gingival ledge promotes durable fixation of the crown and eliminates the likelihood of infection under it. After analyzing a large volume of domestic and foreign literature, it can be concluded that the creation of various methods of odontopreparation with the task of creating the most favorable supragingival part of the tooth for further fixation of the orthopedic structure is a significant problem in modern dentistry. The creation and clinical testing of DNT (dental navigation technologies) allows for accurate quality control of the performed odontopreparation. The purpose of this article was to analyze the existing methods of odontopreparation and identify the most effective ones among them.