The main trends in yield and quality of grain of durum spring wheat in the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia

The aim of the research was monitoring weather factors and studying the dynamics of productivity and grain quality in the southern forest steppe of Omski region. The object of the study was varietyes durum spring wheat Almaz, Omski rubin, Angel, Omskaya yantarnaya in competitive variety testing by signs: productivity, test weight, kernel’s vitreousness, protein and gluten content, IDC. The fi experiments were laid in 1981-2020 in the trials of the laboratory of durum wheat breeding SibNIISH (now The Omsk Agricultural Research Center) on free fallow with seeding rate 4,5 million. with a plot area of 10-25 m2 in four replications. The sowing was conduct in 12-19 may. The soils of the experimental area isleached chernozem. The analysis of grain quality was carried out according to conventional methods. Years of research (1981-2020) was shown that during this period grain yieldsdid not change signifi (from 2.63 to 2.72 t /ha),but its variability has decreased markedly. There was a tendency to reduce test weight from 760 to 754 g/l, vitreousnes from 85 to 64 %, protein from 18.03 to 14.83 %, gluten from33.4 to 29.8 %. The quality of gluten did not change signifi . Among the indicators of grain quality are more stable -test weightof grain and protein content (variation ratio of 4.1 % and 9.5 %, slight variability). The rest of the signs were placed in the average degree of variability (variation rate 12.3-15.0 %).