Peculiarities of hydrodynamics of water reservoirs characterized by the vertical density inhomognneity of water masses under active technogenesis conditions

The results of numerical modeling and field studies of the stability of technical water supply of large industrial enterprises are presented. Water consumption is one of the most important indicators of the reliability of the operation of such enterprises. This problem is especially acute for enterprises located in zones of active technogenesis, where the dominant factor in the formation of pollution of water bodies are undeclared dispersed, so-called diffuse sources of pollution. The reservoirs created in this territory for the purposes of technical water supply have a number of features that must be taken into account when designing them. To solve this problem, relatively small special reservoirs for technical water supply are often created. When creating them, it is a priori assumed that the water masses formed in them will be relatively uniform in water area and depth. At the same time, in order to prevent possible accumulation of pollutants in the lower near-bottom horizons, as a rule, they are flushed. However, the experience of operating such reservoirs in the development zone of the Verkhnekamskoe potash and magnesium salt deposit (VKMKMS) (Ural, Russia) has shown that in these reservoirs, due to intense diffuse pollution, a significant vertical heterogeneity is formed, which fundamentally changes the hydrodynamics of these water bodies. On the basis of a set of studies, including field observations and computational experiments, it is shown that the vertical heterogeneity of water masses plays a key role in ensuring the sustainability of technical water supply.