Identification peculiarities of hyperbole and euphemisms

The article represents a research carried out within a cognitive-discursive paradigm of modern linguistics. The study represents an attempt to develop a method for hyperbole and euphemism identification as special cases of a metaphor. The Authors of article use the following determinations of tropes. Hyperbole is an expression that is more extreme than justified given its ontological referent [1, p. 163]. Euphemiya (greek eu -"good", phemi - "say") are the mitigations promoting effect indirect names substitutes of terrible, shameful or odious which brought to life by moral or religious motives [2]. As a basis for new method we use the Hyperbole Identification Procedure developed by research group from Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam under the leadership of G. Steen. The detailed analysis of hyperbolization and euphemization allows revealing and describing specifics of processes. The amplification of the existing sign is characteristic of the hyperbolization. The lexical unit with negative meaning becomes more expressional with additional negative connotations. The positive sign amplifies with addition of new positive meanings. In the euphemiya the positive connotations mitigate the negative meaning of lexical unit; sometimes it is possible full replacement negative on positive.