Features of morphological adaptation in female judo in the annual training cycle

Relevance. The problem of adaptation of the human body to physical activity is of particular importance in relation to sports activities. The study of the regularity of its morphological and functional manifestations in athletes makes it possible to identify the reserve capabilities of the body and use them to achieve higher sports results. The aim of the subject was to study the morphological adaptive changes that occur in female judo in the training process. Research methods. The study compared the data of 12 athletes aged 17-18 years, weight category 63 kg, sports qualification category I and sports category candidate for master of sports. The length and weight of the body, the size of the skin-fat folds, the circumference dimensions of the shoulder, forearm, thigh and lower leg, the circumference size of the chest, the transverse and anterior-posterior diameters of the chest were determined, the fat, muscle and bone components of the body weight composition were calculated. Results. An increase in the fat component was revealed, as well as a upward change in the indicators of skin-fat folds on the thigh and lower leg. It has been established that judo wrestling in female athletes causes a number of morphological changes in the body under the influence of physical exertion. There is an increase in the total amount of the fat component with its predominant deposition on the lower extremities, an increase in the muscle mass of the upper limbs and its reduction on the lower limbs. Conclusion. These changes can be described as the result of specific loads on the upper limbs, performing a large number of specific exercises, grabs, throws and holds.