Characteristics of postural control in an individual with transfemoral amputation under dual-task conditions

Aim. This study aims to identify the features of postural control in a person with transfemoral amputation during walking under dual-task conditions incorporating active biofeedback. Materials and methods. A participant with unilateral transfemoral amputation of the left limb was examined on an experimental setup comprising a combination of methods for assessing sensorimotor reactions and postural balance in both static and dynamic conditions (on a treadmill) at various walking speeds. The cognitive load was implemented via sensorimotor tasks with error-induced biofeedback. Results. The identified features of postural control in the participant with transfemoral amputation are determined by walking speed and the nature of the cognitive task. The conditions of static tremorometry have the least destabilizing effect on postural balance due to focused attention. Conversely, the Reaction to a Moving Object test is the most difficult task and causes the greatest destabilization. Conclusion. The study findings demonstrate that there is no single risk zone because the risk of falling under dual-task conditions changes drastically depending on walking speed and the nature of the cognitive load. The results obtained are of particular importance for understanding the mechanisms of postural balance in amputees and can be used in habilitation practice to develop more effective walking training programs for real-world conditions.