Risk factor patterns in gender groups with acute coronary syndrome

The objective of the paper is to determine gender stereotype of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to analyze the most common risk factors in gender groups with ACS. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 71 patients with ACS: 47 men and 24 women aged 40-70. The authors assessed age, anthropometric data in patients, dysmetabolic risk factors and concomitant pathological conditions. Results. The average age of male patients was 56.61±8.65; female patients were 59.70±8.11 years old. Male weight was 82.08±12.74 kg, while female weight was 79.37±10.73 kg. Male body weight index was 28.28±3.63 kg/m2; female body weight index was 29.70±3.68 kg/m2. According to the age table, weight, and body mass index, all patients with ACS had first degree of obesity. Blood lipid analysis revealed signs of dyslipidemia and high atherogenic activity in all patients. Males had the following indices: total cholesterol 5.80±1.07 mmol/L, LDL 3.85±0.89 mmol/L, HDL 1.16±0.57 mmol/L, triglycerides 2.88±1.09 mmol/L, the Atherogenic Index 4.33±1.48. In female patients total cholesterol was 6.41±1.66 mmol/L, LDL 4.47±1.48 mmol/L, HDL 1.30±0.36 mmol/L, triglycerides 2.43±0.73 mmol/L, the Atherogenic Index 4.13±1.45. All patients underwent ultrasound scanning of brachycephalic trunk vessels and revealed internal carotid artery stenosis: in males - right and left stenosis 22.34±14.92 and 20.88±18.19 %, in females - 18.54±15.49 and 18.54±16.25 % respectively. Myocardial infarction was observed in 16 women and 28 men. The mortality rate from heart attack was in 9 cases (5 females and 4 males). 2×2 test didn’t reveal gender determination of the outcome into myocardial infarction or unstable angina (χ2=0.34, p=0.65) as well as gender mortality stereotype (χ2=2.18, p=0.13). Conclusion. ACS reflects the lifestyle of the population over the age of 40. Factors of cardiac disorder development are the lack of a healthy diet and a healthy lifestyle, as well as reduced tolerance to stress. ACS gender stereotype was not determined in the present study. However, the study revealed several important clinical risk factors, in particular, atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis, dyslipidemia and obesity.