Characteristics of the first trimester of pregnancy in women with uterine fibroids

The aim of the study is to highlight clinical, hormonal and biochemical characteristics of the first trimester of pregnancy in women with uterine fibroids. Materials and Methods. The study involved 182 pregnant women, including 98 women (main group) with verified uterine fibroids, which appeared before gestation, but did not prevent pregnancy. The comparison group consisted of 84 women with physiological pregnancy, without any anamnestic indications of gynecological pathology. The authors attempted to highlight the characteristics of the gestational process and the changes occurring in women with uterine fibroids developing with pregnancy. Results. When considering the results of biochemical and hormonal studies, it was found out that the mean values in both groups were within the norm. However, there were significant differences in women with physiological pregnancy and uterine fibroids. Additional medical examination included a study for homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with A1298C (Glu429Ala) mutation detection. Conclusion. In the first trimester, pregnant women with uterine fibroids often had mild folate deficiency anemia, genital bleedings, which clinically reflected threatened miscarriage, and genital tract infections (mainly vulvovaginal candidiasis). All of above-mentioned states were combined with such disorders as hyperhomocysteinemia, and, in some women, with subclinical forms of hypothyroidism. The revealed changes necessitate correction and prevention of further disturbances in the formation of a fetoplacental complex.