Paradigm shift in western philosophy as an intellectual resource for understanding modernity

The article discusses the paradigmatic philosophical transformation, which is a response to the intellectual demands of the time, when the model of rigid rationalism has lost its relevance, and distancing from universalism has led to the emergence of heterogeneous philosophical discourses. The modernization of philosophy in the direction of criticizing the acquisition of absolute knowledge contributed to the expansion of the space of philosophical reflection to culture, linking spiritual quest of the era with the characteristics of an industrial society, which was expressed in the style and manner of philosophical reasoning. New contours of thought were created by philosophers of critical talent, whose powerful ideas determined the non-classical model of philosophical knowledge. Schopenhauer's intellectual audacity contributed to the foresight of many problems of modernity, revealing their fundamental sources. In the conditions of geopolitical, spiritual global crisis, the ideas of the German thinker are being reactualized, their new reading intensifies understanding of what is happening. The philosopher consistently destroys illusory ideas about progressive development, reasonable world order and humanistic ideals, building a doctrine of the world, the essence of which is an irrational evil will that overthrows good intentions, revealing the causes of the cruelty of all wars. Human history confirms this diagnosis of the spiritual damage of people with their endless egoistic self-affirmation and desire for dominance. The paradoxical nature of Nietzsche's ideas also anticipated their contemporary relevance, setting a tone of suspicion for established cognitive stereotypes. Building new meaning lines of the era, the thinker absorbed its spiritual crisis into his work, reaching a disappointing verdict on European humanity, defining its internal state as nihilism, the devaluation of life.