Pathogenetic therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

Introduction. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a neoplasm and clinically occurred by progressive enlargement of the prostate. However, prostate neoplasm can also be malignant, which is come out from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). It is a proven precancerous condition. Purpose. To evaluate the data published on September and October 2020 on the prevalence, pathogenesis of BPH and PIN and methods of their treatment. Materials and methods. The search results in scientific databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase were analyzed for the queries «BPH», «PIN», «epidemiology of BPH», «pathogenesis», «treatment of PIN». Results. BPH is a very common disease in the elderly population. The pathogenesis of BPH includes age, genetics or hormones disorders, growth factors, inflammation, and lifestyle factors. PIN is the only common precursor of prostatic cancer. The main treatment methods are 5α-reductase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and surgical methods. In addition, plant active molecules are also widely used in the treatment of BPH and PIN. Conclusions. While 5α-reductase and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors treatment, as well as surgical methods have a lot of adverse events and complications, a unique herbal complex Gardaprost was developed, which suppresses hyperplasia of prostate. Curcumin, genistein and epigalocatechin-3-gallate, which are part of the preparation, form a safe agent aimed at combating the growth of the prostate gland in BPH, and also has a significant effect in the prevention of exacerbations of chronic prostatitis and malignancy in patients with PIN.