Pedagogical conditions for the implementation of elective courses in the system of higher education (on the basis of the experience of universities in the city of Tyumen)

The paper gives an interpretation of the concept of 'elective courses', provides a brief analysis of the theoretical provisions for the implementation of elective courses in higher education, and reveals a number of theoretical, methodological, and organizational problems with introducing elective courses into the higher education system. On the example of Tyumen universities, the authors propose a phased structural model for the implementation of elective courses in the system of higher education. The sequence of implementation of elective courses in the curriculum of students is substantiated, taking into account the individual learning trajectory. The criteria for the selection of educational material in the development of the content of the elective course are specified, and a system of methods for evaluating its effectiveness is structured. The authors conclude that there are natural difficulties arising in the process of introducing elective courses at the university. The practical significance of the experience of Tyumen teachers for the further realization of the potential of elective courses in Russian universities is shown.