Translation of ethnographical realia of literary work into German

The translation of cultural realia in literary works causes many difficulties for translators. Realia words have a national-specific connotation and evoke certain associations in readers. Therefore, when translating realia, translators often need to make a choice between adapting the text to the culture of the target language and preserving the national characteristics. In the course of the research we have analyzed the cultural realia in Leo Tolstoy's novel "Anna Karenina" and their translations into German, made by R. Lowenfeld and R. Titze. The research has shown that the translators often used different translation techniques and strategies. The first translator followed the strategy of domestication, while the second translator followed the strategy of forenization.