The nutritional value of legume-cereal mixtures in the forest-steppe

In the agricultural enterprises of Krasnoyarsk region today production and preparation of forages are made for animal husbandry with traditional types of forage crops and unproductive grades. Unproductive forage crops and their mixes (wheat + oats + barley; wheat + oats; vetch + oats, etc.) are used the crop of green material of these mixes does not exceed 100-120 c/hectare, at the low maintenance of protein, sugars and mineral substances. Other types of annual forage crops that could significantly improve their quality are not used or forgotten. Meanwhile in the development of animal husbandry a variety of forages is of great importance. For the vegetation period of cultures phenological observations and biometric measurements of plants on the main periods of growth and development according to methodical indications of all-union scientific research institute of forage crops were made (1983) and according to technique of a field experiment (Dospekhov, 1985). For the purpose efficiency increasing, nutrition value and adaptation of new views in their mix with other forage crops (cereal, leguminous, cabbage, millet and silage) on fields of Krasnoyarsk GAU ("Borsky" and "Minderlinskoye'') research works with the mixed cultures were performed. As components for the mixed crops cultures from different families were used. They are new and not widespread in the conditions of the forest-steppe. The application of new components of rare cultures in experiments allowed to receive a crop of green material to 500-750 c/hectare (for 3 years) with an energy output with a crop to 136,7-85,5 GDzh/hectare at the first term of crops; to 454,0-680,0 and to 139,4-81,2 GDzh/hectare of energy at the second term of crops whereas vetch + oats provided a crop of green material only to 310-297,4 c/hectare with an energy output 65,7-62,4 of GDzh/hectare.