Blood immune response checkpoints in patients with the first episode of paranoid schizophrenia before therapy (preliminary results)

Introduction. The role of immune response checkpoints involved in the processes of neuroinflammation is not well understood in schizophrenia, especially in patients with the first episode of the disease. Objective: to study the parameters of some immunological checkpoints in blood plasma in patients with the first episode of paranoid schizophrenia before the administration of therapy. Material and Methods. Based on the Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after V.Kh. Kandinsky, Chita, 18 patients with the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia, observation period less than a year (ICD-10 code F20.x9) were examined, the control group included 35 subjects. Determination of the content of 12 control points of the immune response in the blood serum was carried out by flow fluorometry. Blood sampling was carried out before the start of therapy. Results. In patients with the first episode of schizophrenic psychosis, there is an increase in blood levels relative to the control values of sCD25 (IL-2Ra) by 1.4 times, PD-1 and Galectin-9 - by 1.2 times, LAG-3 - by 1.1 times. PD-L2 was reduced by 1.3 times. Conclusion. The findings indicate the significance of neuroimmunopathological mechanisms in the onset of schizophrenia, the exact significance of which requires further study.