Indicators of innate immunity - features of the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in women

Background. In clinical practice, doctors encounter mental disorders accompanied by bouts of intense and agonizing anxiety. Most often, women suffer from anxiety disorders. The most common are panic disorder and organic anxiety disorder due to cerebrovascular disease, the differentiation of which is difficult due to the similarity of clinical manifestations. The course of these disorders is biologically determined, and socio-psychological factors act as a trigger or distort the impact, affecting pathomorphosis. In this regard, the search for biological criteria and predictors of differential diagnosis of these mental disorders becomes an urgent scientific, clinical, medical and social challenge. Objective: to identify immunological indicators for the differential diagnosis of anxiety disorders in women - panic disorder and organic anxiety disorder due to cerebrovascular disease. Material and Methods. A comprehensive clinical-psychopathological, psychological and immunological examination was carried out in 48 women (mean age 50.0±10.8 years) admitted to the clinic of the Mental Health Research Institute of the Toms k National Research Medical Center with diagnoses ‘panic disorder’ (F41.0) - 24 individuals and ‘organic anxiety disorder due to cerebrovascular disease’ (F06.41) - 22 individuals. According to the Spielberger-Khanin SelfAssessment Scale, the level of state and trait anxiety was assessed. Laboratory research included phenotyping of immunocompetent cells by differentiation clusters using flow cytometry; determination of humoral immunity factors by ELISA; the phagocytic activity of neutrophils was assessed using light microscopy. The obtained data were statistically processed. Results. Between healthy women and women with panic disorder and organic anxiety disorder due to cerebrovascular disease, statistically significant differences were found in the level of state anxiety and innate immunity parameters. A method for the differential diagnosis of the studied anxiety disorders is proposed. Upon admission to the hospital, a psychological and immunological examination was carried out, according to the results of which, with a state anxiety level of 46 points or more, the number of natural killers of 12% or less, a neutrophil phagocytic index of 57% or more, panic disorder was diagnosed, and with state anxiety values of 45 points or less, the number of natural killers of 13% or more, the phagocytic index of neutrophils of 56% or less diagnosed an organic anxiety disorder due to a cerebrovascular disease. Conclusion. Informative indicators of innate immunity for the differential diagnosis of panic disorder and organic anxiety disorder of vascular origin were determined.