Obtaining Carbonized Sorbents after Purifying Oils with Clays

This article examines the features of carbonization of Naukats bentonite clay, the main methods of its physicochemical modification, as well as the prospects for using this natural raw material in the purification of natural and wastewater of various origins. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the need to search for accessible, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective adsorbents based on local mineral resources. Particular attention is paid to a comprehensive investigation of the adsorption, bleaching, and purification properties of Naukats bentonite clay, which is of great importance for the development of modern water treatment technologies and the utilization of liquid waste. Based on preliminary laboratory experiments, it has been established that Naukats bentonite clay has a high capacity for the adsorption of organic impurities, pollutant ions, and colored components, which leads to a significant improvement in the physicochemical parameters of the treated medium. This is especially evident in the treatment of used motor oils, transformer oils, and vegetable oils, where the clay demonstrates a high degree of purification, stable adsorption performance, and pronounced bleaching effects. The obtained results indicate that Naukats bentonite clay can be effectively used as a natural adsorbent without prior chemical activation, which significantly simplifies the technological process, reduces energy consumption, and lowers the overall cost of purification. Laboratory and technological studies have shown that, in terms of activity, this natural material is not inferior to industrial sorbents such as Zikeev opoka, Askangel, and Bukhara bentonite. Moreover, in oil purification processes, Naukats clay exhibits a 1.5 times lower oil capacity compared to commercially produced adsorbents, which enhances its economic efficiency and practical value. Thus, the research results confirm the promising potential of Naukats bentonite clay for application in water treatment systems, liquid waste processing, and the development of environmentally safe and affordable adsorption materials.