Population formation and development dynamics of the Russian Far North in the 1920s
Автор: Yanina A. Kuznetsova
Журнал: Arctic and North @arctic-and-north
Рубрика: Northern and arctic societies
Статья в выпуске: 43, 2021 года.
Бесплатный доступ
Based on the analysis of All-Union Population Census of 1926 and a wide range of general and regional scientific research, the author studies the processes of demographic and economic development of territories located in the Russian North and conventionally designated by the author as regions of European, Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern North. The paper identifies key trends and features of Northern regions' development in the 1920s, caused by the first Soviet reforms of the administrative-territorial structure of the country, economic development and national state policy, which had an impact on the demographic processes in the regions including population size, its composition and settlement structure. It is found that the economic development was the most active in the bordering areas, where intensive development of industry and transportation implied the need to strengthen national defense and expand trade and economic ties. This mainly concerned the regions of the European and Far Eastern North. The regions that were rich in natural resources, especially gold deposits, such as Yakutia, also developed more actively. Other regions of Ural and Siberian North developed in a more traditional way, based on growth of wood harvesting and fishing industry. Improving of living conditions of the indigenous peoples of the North, material support for their farms, medical care and legal assistance, introduction of education among the population in the 1920s had a positive impact on the economic and demographic development of the indigenous population.
Russian North, European North, Ural North, North of Siberia, North of the Far East, administrative-territorial structure, economic development, population size, structure of settlements, indigenous popu-lation, national policy
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/148318434
IDR: 148318434 | DOI: 10.37482/issn2221-2698.2021.43.161
Список литературы Population formation and development dynamics of the Russian Far North in the 1920s
- Zherebtsov I.L., Beznosova N.P. Dinamika chislennosti i istochniki formirovaniya naseleniya respu-bliki Komi v 1926–1940 gg. [Population Dynamics and Sources of Formation of Komi Republic (1926–1940)]. Ural'skiy istoricheskiy vestnik [Ural historical journal], 2017, no. 45 (57), pp. 73–80.
- Korotaev V.I. Na poroge demograficheskoy katastrofy: prinuditel'naya kolonizatsiya i demografich-eskiy krizis v Severnom krae v 30-e gody XX veka [On the Verge of a Demographic Catastrophe: Forced Colonization and Demographic Crisis in the Northern Territory in the 30s of the 20th Centu-ry]. Arkhangelsk, Pomorskiy universitet Publ., 2004, 136 p. (In Russ.)
- Musaev V.I. «Plemennye voyny» i bezhenstvo v Karelii (1918–1922) ["Tribe Wars" and Refugees in Karelia (1918–1922)]. Kareliya — prigranichnyy region Rossii v XX–XXI vekakh: formirovanie i stanovlenie karel'skoy gosudarstvennosti v sostave SSSR [Karelia — a Border Region of Russia in the 20th-21st Centuries: the Formation of Karelian Statehood within the USSR], 2018, pp. 30–41.
- Tatarnikova A.I. Naselennye punkty Tobol'skoy gubernii: administrativnyy i samovol'nyy sposoby obrazovaniya i osobennosti razvitiya vo vtoroy polovine XIX — nachale XX vv. [Settlements of To-bolsk Province: Administrative and Authorized Methods of Education and Peculiarities of Develop-ment in the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries]. Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya [Genesis: Historical Research], 2019, no. 1, pp. 17–27.
- Gavrilyeva T.N. Transformatsiya sistemy rasseleniya v Yakutii v 20 — nachale 21 vekov [Transfor-mation of Spatial Structure in Yakutia in 20th – Early 21st Centuries]. Trudy Granbergovskoy konfer-entsii [Proceedings of the Granberg Conference], 2013, no. 1, pp. 104–107.
- Prokofyeva E.D. Protsess natsional'noy konsolidatsii tuvintsev [Tuvian National Consolidation Pro-cess]. Saint Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 2011, 538 p. (In Russ.)
- Mollerov N.M. Sozdanie ochagov promyshlennosti i torgovli v sovetskoy kolonii v Tuve (1922–1932 gg.) [Creation of the First Centers of Industry and Trade in the Soviet Foreign Colony in Tuva (1922–1932)]. Gumanitarnye nauki v Sibiri [Humanities in Siberia], 2016, vol. 23, no. 4, p. 119–123.
- Dal'niy Vostok Rossii v epokhu sovetskoy modernizatsii: 1922 – nachalo 1941 goda [Russian Far East in the Era of Soviet Modernization: 1922 — Early 1941]. Vladivostok, Dalnauka Publ., 2018, 656 p. (In Russ.)
- Yelizarova V.O. Gosudarstvennaya podderzhka kak faktor zakrepleniya rabochikh na predpriyatiyakh rybnoy promyshlennosti Kamchatki v kontse 1920-kh — 1930-e gg.: zamysly i rezul'taty [State Sup-port as a Factor of Labour Consolidation at Kamchatka Fishing Industry Enterprises in the Late 1920s – 1930s: Plans and Results]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tomsk State Univer-sity Journal], 2016, no. 407, pp. 67–72.
- Ilyina V.A. Vneshnepoliticheskiy aspekt gosudarstvennogo plana po khozyaystvennomu osvoeniyu Kamchatki vo vtoroy polovine 1920-kh godov [Foreign Policy in the State Plan for Economic Devel-opment of Kamchatka in the Second Half of 1920s]. Vestnik Kraunts. Gumanitarnye nauki [Bulletin KRASEC. Humanitarian Sciences], 2016, no. 1 (27), pp. 12–16.
- Kirillova A.I. Transformatsii okhotnich'ego promysla u korennykh narodov Kamchatki v 1920-kh go-dakh [Transformations of Hunting Among the Indigenous Peoples of Kamchatka in the 1920s]. Vestnik Surgutskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo un-ta [Bulletin of the Surgut State Pedagogi-cal University], 2018, no. 6 (57), pp. 43–51.
- Istoriya Sakhalina i Kuril'skikh ostrovov s drevneyshikh vremen do nachala XXI stoletiya [History of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands from Ancient Times to the Beginning of the 21st Century]. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalinskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo Publ., 2008, 712 p. (In Russ.)
