The procedure and sources of healthcare financing in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

Introduction. Currently, human rights to medical care and health protection in our country are regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and by-laws. And, accordingly, to realize these rights, the state needs to form, allocate and effectively spend a sufficient amount of financial resources. The purpose of the study is to analyze the procedure and sources of healthcare financing in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Methods. The analysis of modern scientific literature, as well as the regulatory framework on the procedure and sources of healthcare financing in the Russian Federation is carried out. For this purpose, the methods of bibliographic, informational and semantic search of sources in various databases are used. Results. The sources of financing the healthcare system in the Russian Federation are employers’ insurance premiums for Compulsory Health Insurance (CHI) of the working population, insurance premiums from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for CHI of the non-working population, as well as expenditures of regional budgets and inter-budgetary transfers. The CHI system is currently the main source of funding for the state healthcare system in the Russian Federation. Single-channel financing made it possible to increase the efficiency of the healthcare system and played a positive role during the pandemic, which allowed the system to compensate for epidemiological risks quite quickly, but currently there are problems that require the reform of the healthcare system. The disadvantages of the CHI system are the complexity of the medical care financing chain, as well as the problems of distributing the capacity of medical care between medical organizations within the framework of the territorial CHI program. From the standpoint of the objective situation of insufficient financing of healthcare in the Russian Federation, it is advisable not so much to increase financial resources as to increase the efficiency of the use of allocated funds, which requires the legislative consolidation of responsibility for their irrational use, as well as strengthening the state control of resources allocated to healthcare. Conclusions. The activities of the Compulsory Health Insurance system require strengthening public control measures.