Posthuman. Main trajectories

The article reveals the study of main trajectories of creation of a posthuman model in Western humanities. The prerequisites for the need to abandon classical humanism are shown. The dialectic of differences of classical anthropocentrism is investigated, in which otherness was perceived negatively as an opposition to subjectivity and led to tragic consequences for those who were classified as “others”. The main directions of posthuman formation are highlighted: becoming an animal, becoming an earth, becoming a machine, designed to remove the negative consequences of humanism. The trajectory of “becoming an animal” implies the transformation of a dominant single person into a transpecific symbiosis. Becoming the earth requires an appeal to geocentric thinking, which implies a person is not only a biological product, but also a geological force. Becoming a machine establishes transversal connections between heterogeneous agents. Ethical and epistemological approaches to preventing hierarchization as a source of violence are proposed, such as dialectics of relations, ethics of codependency, recognition of the natural cultural continuum, zoe-egalitarianism, defamiliarization.