The potential of applying the Oswald Spengler civilizational approach to the historical and pedagogical process

The article attempts to apply the concept of world cultures of Spengler in the theory of historical and pedagogical knowledge. In the author’s opinion, the civilization approach in the history of pedagogy is completely correlated with the concept of the German philosopher, which, in its turn, gives the ground for a broader interpretation of pedagogical problems. Spengler’s understanding of history as a certain changing element, the extraordinary anthropomorphism of his scientific constructions, actualizes questions of historical and pedagogical knowledge. Spengler introduces the term «habitus» beyond its medical understanding. In modern sociology, the term is actively exploited. Also, other «findings» of the German philosopher and publicist have found their development in different branches of social and scientific life, and his vision of the prospects of world development is surprising in its relevance.