The Legal Foundations of Technological Policy in the Russian Federation: a Scientific Commentary to Federal Law. No. 523-FZ of December 28, 2024

This article presents a comprehensive scientific analysis of Federal Law No. 523- FZ dated December 28, 2024 «On Technological Policy in the Russian Federation and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation», which lays down the fundamental legal foundations for state regulation of the country’s technological development. The study reveals the conceptual architecture of the regulatory act, which includes a system of subjects of technological policy, mechanisms for the implementation of national technological leadership projects, legal regulation of critical and end-to-end technologies, as well as tools for government incentives for innovation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the categorical apparatus of the law, the institutional structure of technological development management and the legal mechanisms for ensuring technological sovereignty. The author considers the federal law as a system-forming element of the modern Russian legal doctrine in the field of innovative development, defining strategic priorities and tactical approaches to achieving technological independence.