The advocate procedural activity of the sworn attorneys according to the judicial reform of 1864

The research considers the theoretical and procedural ideas about sworn attorneys as advocates. The study examines two forms of procedural protection: legal representation and advocacy. The paper attempts to analyze their fundamental differences in both the legal nature and the procedural aspect of the participation of a legal representative in civil proceedings. Based on the research findings, the author reveals that sworn attorneys possess the characteristics of advocates. The study analyzes the Court Charters of 1864 that have introduced the institution of sworn attorneys and determined the conditions for holding the post of sworn attorneys, their rights and duties. It is concluded that the involvement of a sworn attorney in the proceedings makes them competitive. Besides, the advocate procedural activity of the legal representatives can be applied in modern civil proceedings for the most effective implementation of justice.