Preliminary archaeological research of Buyanov yurts of the first quarter of the 17th-early 19th centuries

This article analyzes archaeological evidence from excavations of 2023 along with documents, maps, and published historical sources. Field research in 2023 was aimed at locating Buyanov yurts / village of Buyanova between the villages of Samsonovo and Seitovo in Tara District of Omsk Region, and at preliminary archaeological study of the site. First part of the article provides historical data about Buyanov yurts using the documents of the Russian Tsardom and Russian Empire, travel descriptions of G.F. Miller, and cartographic materials. The study of these evidence resulted in a concept of the Siberian Tatars ’ system of settlement and population in this area. Second part of the article describes archaeological works on exploring the settlement. The remains of a brick oven, forged metal objects, pottery produced on potter’s wheel and black-polished vessels, as well as animal bones were found. Using the descriptions of G.F. Miller, it was concluded that this site corresponded to the first settlement in a chain of Tatar settlements in the area from the left bank of the Uy River in its lower course to the mouth of the Bushkala River. These were Buyanov’syurts. Documents suggest that Buyanov yurts existed in 1625 and continued to exist until the late 18th century orfirst decades of the 19th century. In 1836-1837 they were no longer there. Archaeological collection discovered during the excavations goes back to the 18th-early 19th centuries, which is confirmed by pottery, archaic bricks, forged nails and hook, and knife in the absence of evidence from the 20th century, and makes it possible to make a preliminary conclusion about the location of Buyanov yurts.