Precarization as manifestation of anomie in the labor sphere

The present study analyzes the current social phenomenon – perecarization, considering it from the standpoint of manifestation of anomie in the labor sphere. Precarization covers many areas and strata of the working-age population, while having a negative impact on various aspects of the life of individuals and society as a whole. The study structures and describes the objective and subjective reasons that contribute to the spread of the scale of the precariat. So, the authors attributed the following to the objective reasons: lack of work experience among young specialists; requirements of the modern market for goods and services, where managers are guided by the reduction of costs associated with maintenance of the staff; innovation and digitalization of production and management processes. Subjective reasons for the spread of precarization, as a rule, are associated with the anomie of labor values among the leaders of organizations: the perception of a worker as an “inanimate” factor of production; non-recognition of the value of personal (free) time of an employee; imbalance of responsibility for the performance of labor functions with the prevalence of employee’s obligations to partially fulfill the duties of a manager; increasing the scale of the shadow economy. The authors believe that the key consequences of precarization are as follows: increase in the poverty incidence; activation of migration processes; deformation of the professional structure; deterioration of the material and psycho-emotional well-being of a person.