The use of ecg vector analysis in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy

Electrocardiography (ECG) is one of the main methods of cardiovascular diagnosis, its principle consists of graphically reflected electrical signals from the myocardium. The currently used standard electrocardiogram leads reflect changes in the excitation processes of myocardium in both time and space - in the frontal and horizontal axes. Direction of the excitation wave can be conventionally represented as a total vector which reflects the running of electrical impulses in the heart. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with biventricular pacing is aimed to synchronize the timing of right and left ventricle. Response to CRT depends on the site of ventricular leads implantation and their relative position, which can be determined by using ECG vector analysis. The aim of this study: to give a descriptive assessment of the ECG patterns in isolated left/right ventricular stimulation at various electrode positions using the standard X-ray projections in CRT patients.