The problem of gender in the concepts of the 1920s in Soviet Russia (by A. Kollontai and S. Kalachov)

The present study considers the attitude to the problem of gender in the projects of the 1920s, related to erotic utopias. This is the concept of A. Kollontai, who represented one of the positions of Marxist theory of gender, and the concept developed by S. Kalachov, which he defined as “eroics”. The results of the research show that both projects are based on the concept of freedom of love and sexual relations, as well as suggest that the revolutionary theory needs a sensual aspect. Both philosophers pay special attention to the issues of physicality and the feeling of love, which, according to them, has the energy of transformation and can change not only a person, but the whole society. The author believes that both utopias reflect the characteristics of the epoch when they were created. The study presents solutions to the problem of gender interrelation and reveals the meaning of love.