Problems of ethnic identity development in modern Russia

The article deals with the problems of national and ethnic identity development in the USSR and modern Russia. It is noted that a person’s identity undergoes transformations under the influence of various sociocultural factors. The transformations of traditional identity in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods are largely explained by the socio-economic and ideological situation in the country. Positive national identity largely depends on the stability of life and associated social optimism of the population. Against the backdrop of an unstable situation, nationalist sentiments and xenophobia are growing, leading to interethnic tension and conflicts. The unity and harmony of the peoples of Russia is possible only if socio-economic problems are resolved and national policy is implemented that takes into account the balance of ethnic and national in the personal identity of citizens.