Problems of Legal Regulation of the Use of Force And Means by Employees of the Internal Affairs Bodies in Counter-Terrorist Operations

The article is devoted to the current problem of legal uncertainty faced by employees of the internal affairs bodies (IAB) when using physical force, special means and firearms in counter-terrorism operations (CTO). The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of legal collisions in the regulation of this issue and the development of proposals for improving the legislation. Materials and Methods: the work is based on a comparative legal analysis of the provisions of the Federal Law "On Combating Terrorism", the Federal Law "On Police" and the Federal Law "On Weapons". Formal-legal and systemic research methods were also used. Literature review: the study takes into account the positions of modern domestic legal scholars dealing with the problems of administrative-legal regimes and legal regulation of law enforcement agencies, which is reflected in the list of sources. Results: the key problems were identified: lack of a clear distinction between "directly conducting CTO" and "ensuring the legal regime of CTO"; serious conflicts between the permissive provisions of the law on countering terrorism and the restrictive provisions of the law on weapons; lack of a clear interdepartmental delineation of powers to apply measures within the framework of the CTO. Discussion and Conclusions: the need for legislative changes is substantiated. The author suggests specific solutions: amendments to Article 24 of the Federal Law "On Countering Terrorism" to eliminate double interpretation; a clear definition of the legal status of police officers depending on the tasks they perform; development of interdepartmental acts delineating powers. It is concluded that the creation of a consistent legal framework is a prerequisite for ensuring both the effectiveness of the fight against terrorism and the protection of citizens' rights.