Problems of early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (case vignette)

To date, the literature contains convincing data indicating the low level of detection of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Russia, compared to global incidence rates. There is no doubt that there is a need for in-depth development not only of the epidemiological aspects of prevalence, but also the early diagnosis of ASD. The authors examine current problems of diagnosing ASD in domestic medical practice using the example of the particular clinical case of Asperger syndrome. As a clinical illustration, the case vignette of a patient with Asperger's syndrome, previously diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder, is described and analyzed. The patient's medical history and mental status are presented, and diagnostic and personalized therapeutic tactics are described. The main factors that prevent timely diagnosis and therapy, which must be taken into account by specialists at all levels (psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, teachers), and forms of interaction with patients with ASD are given.