Technological sovereignty projects as a tool for innovative development of the Russian economy

Currently, in the new geopolitical context and amid external restrictions imposed by the West, the achievement of technological sovereignty is becoming the most important feature of a new emerging development model for Russia. In this regard, there is a need to find new and most effective ways and tools to address this problem. Our work considers the issue of implementing the project approach and the transition to a full innovation cycle economy through the formation of technological sovereignty projects that are pointed out as the main tool for ensuring technological independence as stated in the Concept for Technological Development of the Russian Federation up to 2030. Special attention is paid to the development of scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of such a tool in the context of analyzing the existing accumulated experience in the implementation of projects of a full innovation cycle, primarily comprehensive scientific and technological programs and projects implemented in the light of the objectives contained in the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation adopted in 2016. We point out the importance of defining the boundaries of the full innovation cycle, which is interpreted by researchers in different ways. Since technological sovereignty projects are designed to turn into a tool for building their own reproduction chains, they should not end with the introduction of new technology; rather, they should enter mass production and contain a detailed investment component for the creation and reconstruction of production facilities. In this regard, we analyze the procedure for selecting priority areas for the development of technological sovereignty projects and their resource provision; we assess the effectiveness of state tools for supporting such projects; and propose measures to improve the organization of the process of formation and implementation of technological sovereignty projects. The implementation of the package of measures we put forward should help accelerate scientific and technological development and reduce Russia’s technological dependence.