Mental adaptation in a new reality: phenomenon, factors, criteria, indicators, challenges

The second decade of the 21st century is characterized by significant changes in the economic, social and labor spheres of people's lives. A new reality characterized by absolute non-stationarity and constant variability is emerging. The consequence of these changes is violation of the person's adaptation and the occurrence of their ill-being - somatic, mental and personal. The article contributes to the theoretical development of understanding the essence and content of the phenomenon of mental adaptation in the new reality. Mental adaptation of a person is presented as a multilevel and multi-criteria phenomenon. The following aspects of the manifestation of adaptation are considered: (1) procedural; (2) efficient and homeostatic; (3) as the basis for mental neoplasms; (4) as a property. Three levels of mental adaptation are identified: psychophysiological; individual and psychological and socio-psychological. Human adaptive activity is manifested in the dialectical unity of its two sides - external and internal. The orientation of adaptation (towards oneself or towards the external environment) is determined by the goals and personal values of the individual, and is implemented in the chosen strategy.