Psychological, neurovegetative features and quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients

The study of only somatic shifts in chronic pathology is not sufficient to understand the complexity of the symptoms of the disease. This circumstance has revived interest in the psychosomatic approach in clinical medicine. Any disease leads to a deterioration of health, the need to change the life stereotype. Peculiarities of the psychological state, behavioral disorders through physiological mechanisms affect the functioning of the endocrine system, which contributes to the deepening and complication of the emerging somatic pathology, in particular diabetes mellitus. In patients with diabetes, many aspects of the quality of life change. The aim of the study was to study the psycho-characteristics of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, their neurovegetative characteristics, the quality of life and the possibilities for learning from the diabetes school program. A survey of 200 patients with diabetes mellitus was conducted: general clinical, heart rate variability (HRV) was studied, personality structure was determined, depressive disorders were assessed on the Beck questionnaire and the Tsung scale. Patients were trained on a 2-week program of a diabetes school recommended by the RAMS of RAMS. The method used to determine the quality of life (QoL) of the patients on the basis of the questionnaire using the questionnaire SF-36, the method of the quality of life of the patient (KZhB), D.M. Aronov and V.P. Zaitsev, SANT. The obtained results showed that the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes had introverted characterological features with increased emotional lability and a tendency to neuroticism, half of patients with type 1 DM belonged to an intermediate type. More than half of the examined patients with DM 1 and DM 2 are unstable individuals prone to anxiety. Every third patient with diabetes has mild depression. One of the factors influencing the learning outcomes in the «SD school» is the personality structure. All the main components of the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes have been reduced. The quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus in 91% of patients with CD 1 naturally decreased with increasing severity and complications of diabetes, accompanied by emotional disorders, depressive conditions.