Recognition and differentiation of students with disabilities in accordance with current law and classifications

The paper provides a review of modern approaches to differentiation and recognition of students with special needs (from the point of view of health). It was revealed that the differences between the terminology of disability and health recognized by the World Health Organization and the conceptual apparatus adopted in the Russian Federation (RF) have an impact on the methods of registration and assessment of functional disorders. It was found that the consideration of health disorders outside of the contextual factors makes it difficult to develop effective algorithms for the inclusion of persons with disabilities into the active life, including learning. It was determined that the procedure of registering disability in the RF does not allow to design adaptive training strat-egies for persons with special needs; the procedure for establishing the status of a person with disa-bilities does not require the use of methods based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). It was revealed that the assessment of the functional state of a student for further use in the educational process should be carried out using diagnostic tools developed on the basis of the ICF, with the participation of specialists competent in using the ICF.