Distribution of social risks as a method of managing them: legal aspects

Introduction: the study analyzes social risk as a basic category of social security law. Purpose: to analyze distribution of social risks in relation to the stages of normative and individual legal regulation of social security. Methods: the author uses a set of methods of scientific cognition, including general scientific methods (dialectics, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization) and specific scientific methods (formal-legal comparative legal, technical-legal). Results: based on the features of social risk, the author educes its structure, which consists of risk obligation (risk factor), risk event and its socially important consequences. Social risk is a menace to citizens, and negative consequences of its implementation are compensated by the government or non-governmental entities that possess special legal capacity. The author makes a conclusion that effective organization of a social security system is attained by social risk management which is implemented by using various methods, including evaluation and distribution. Social risk distribution is when a social risk is reassigned to the government or another entity by a citizen (as an entity that suffers from negative consequences of the social risk implementation) and accepted by the government or another entity, which, in doing so, takes responsibility to protect citizens from social risks and their consequences. The analysis of social risk distribution is carried out with consideration of the stages of normative and individual legal regulation of social security, when social security obligations arise as general-regulatory and relative legal relations. Conclusion: the concept of distribution of social risks can be used as a basis for a clearer definition of general principles of the national social security system formation and functioning.