Distribution of distal limb diseases found in hoof maintenance in horses

The study was conducted in 2020, 2023 and 2024 in the conditions of equestrian sports complexes of St.Petersburg, Leningrad Region and on the basis of St.Petersburg State University of Medicine. During hoof maintenance, 2658 animals were orthopedic examination, of which 763 animals were identified with distal limb pathology of various etiologies. Hoof frog thrush was diagnosed in 305 cases, which amounted to 11.47% of the total number of animals examined and 39.97% of the number of animals with pathology., Cracks in the horn shoe were diagnosed in 120 cases, which amounted to 4.51% and 15.72%, respectively. Novicular cider syndrome was noted in 88 cases, which amounted to 3.31% and 11.53%, respectively. It was found that frog thrush was recorded to a greater extent on hooves with a regular shape in the amount of 165, in comparison with hooves with a high and narrow heel, this pathology was recorded on 96 hooves. When studying the manifestation of frog thrush on different types of soil, such as sandy, loamy, podzolic, differences were found р<0.0001. Thus, comparison using the Tukey criterion showed a statistically significant difference in the frequency of frog rot in animals that walked on sandy soil from animals that were walking on loamy р=0.002 and podzolic soils р<0.0001. There was no statistically significant difference between the animals that were on loamy soil and the animals that spent their walk time on podzolic soil. An assessment of the manifestation of frog thrush depending on the time of year showed that the peak of this disease was in the autumn-winter period.