Development of science and education in Central Asia in the 20-50s of the XX century

The article examines the development of science and education in Central Asia in the period from 1920 to 1950. Legal sources are represented by government decrees which formed the legal basis for the policy of the central government of the USSR in Central Asia. The statistics are provided by year of the number of primary and secondary schools and universities in the Central Asian Soviet republics and the number of pupils and students together with the number of research centers and scientific personnel operating in this region. Thus, the article demonstrates the primary role of the RSFSR in the development of science and education in every Soviet republic of Central Asia. It is also worth noting that the history of the development of science and education in Central Asia is the result of centuries-old exchanges in the cultural and humanitarian fields between Russia and the countries of Central Asia.