Regional problems of child nutrition: enriched and hypoallergenic products

The aim of the paper is to evaluate regional modern peculiarities of the nutritional status in infants (since birth up to 3 years old), to identify the main causes of malnutrition and its influence on infant’s health, and to emphasize its correctability. Materials and Methods. As a part of All-Russian Interregional Multicentre Study NUTRIPACK/ NUTRILIFE, 157 infants were examined in 5 health facilities in Samara. Infants received breastfeeding, mixed feeding and bottle-feeding. Children with food allergies, congenital malformations, hereditary diseases, and severe perinatal pathology were excluded. The authors estimated the indicators of physical and neuropsychic development in dynamics, infant’s diseases, as well as food diaries and infant’s eating behavior. Results. The study revealed early transfer of infants to an unmeasured diet, daily intake of unacceptable products, excessive average food intake in every 5th infant, and, thus, excess of body mass index. The authors observed the predominance of cow’s milk in daily nutrition, low frequency of meat and fish in supplemental feeding and rare use of meat and fish in the diet of 2-3-year-olders. The authors revealed imbalance in the carbohydrate nutrition component in 75 % of 2-3-year-olders, because of sweets and simple carbohydrates. Only 40 % of children were given fruits and vegetables on a daily basis. During individual counseling with parents the authors tried to correction the infant’s daily nutrition, taking into account social, cultural, and national family peculiarities. Conclusion. Nutritional status of infants showed great violations, associated with malnutrition, excess of calorie intake, and decrease in nutritional value of foods. All these problems require socially oriented work of the outpatient service.