Rural reintegration in the Russian Federation and its implementation tools

A key problem in the country's spatial development is the outflow of population from rural settlements to urban agglomerations, caused by the growth of inter-territorial differentiation in the standard and quality of life, which has resulted in the disintegration of economic space. Under these conditions, the task of reintegrating rural areas, coupled with curbing the negative dynamics of population migration, is becoming a priority. A number of strategic documents are aimed at implementing this priority, and the formation of a network of core communities with accelerated development of social, transport, and utilities infrastructure has been identified as the primary approach to improving the quality and standard of living in rural areas and increasing their attractiveness to residents and businesses. The selection of anchor settlements, currently carried out on a formal basis, determines the relevance of the study, the purpose of which is to develop a rational structure for the network of anchor settlements by addressing the following objectives: analysis of the "rural reintegration" category; substantiation of the methodological aspects of developing a rational structure for the network of anchor settlements; development of an algorithm for conducting computational experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of regulatory measures and development projects. The scientific novelty of the study's results lies in the formation of a rational structure for the network of anchor settlements. A distinctive feature of this work is the use of a methodological approach based on integrated inter-municipal interaction for the implementation of socially and economically significant projects, as well as an assessment of their effectiveness using an adaptive modeling system and forecasting the dynamics of the interdependence of territorial attractiveness and population migration behavior based on agent-based modeling. The practical significance of the results lies in improving the validity of decisions made by government agencies in the area of sustainable rural development through computational experiments conducted based on target values for planned and implemented socio-economic projects