Religion and kinds of worldview in Oswald Spengler’s works on the ancient history

The article is devoted to the first Russian edition of Oswald Spengler’s fundamental book “The Early Epoch of World History”. Attention is paid to both general issues of the theory and methodology of history and archeology, and specific historical studies of the German thinker. Spengler’s doctrine of three main types of worldview of the 6th-2nd millennium BC (Atlantic, Cushitic and Turanian) is considered. The roots of Christianity in all three of these types are clarified. The significance of Spengler’s works as a professional historian after the “Decline of the West” is emphasized. His concept of three human worldviews is compared with the historical and anthropological theories of Eduard Meyer, Christopher Dawson, Fr. Pavel Florensky, and Ella Laevskaya.