The Role of Ivan-Tea (Chamaenerion Angustifolium) in Supporting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including inflammatory and functional ones, remain a leading problem in modern gastroenterology. With increasing antibiotic resistance and the side effects of synthetic drugs, interest in herbal remedies with proven safety and multifactorial action is growing. The aim of this study is to systematize scientific data on the effects of Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. (fireweed) on gastrointestinal health and to justify its use as a functional food product. This study analyzed and summarized data from 10 key scientific publications from 2008–2022, focusing on the phytochemical composition, biological activity, and clinical effects of fireweed. The plant’s therapeutic potential has been established to be due to its high content of macrocyclic ellagitannins (primarily enothein B), flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, water-soluble polysaccharides, vitamins (C, A, B vitamins), and minerals (K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn). These components provide a comprehensive effect: inhibition of proinflammatory enzymes (COX-2, 5-LOX), neutralization of free radicals, selective suppression of pathogens (H. pylori, S. aureus), preservation of commensal microflora, formation of a mucoprotective film, and support of epithelial regeneration. The obtained data allow us to consider fireweed not only as a traditional beverage but also as a scientifically proven preventative and adjuvant treatment for functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. This new knowledge lies in the integration of phytochemical, microbiological, and clinical data, confirming the multi-target mechanism of action of fireweed and its potential in personalized nutrition.