Sanitary and hygienic problem of environment pollution by waste from livestock-breeding and poultry production complexes

The article provides digital material illustrating the sanitary and hygienic problem which arose due to environment pollution (atmospheric air, water, soil) by waste from livestock breeding and poultry production because of an imperfect technology of keeping of farm animals (system of ventilation, optimization of microclimate and disposal of solid and liquid production waste). The article shows how many and what waste products a farm animal produces (poultry, pigs, cattle) during different periods of ontogenesis, and what amounts of waste are not disposed of, are warehoused and keep polluting the habitat of animals and people with substances hazardous to their health (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, urea, products of proteins' decomposition and others). With manure, dung, and sewage, numerous pathogenic organisms get to underground and surface water and preserve their germinating power and virulence for a long time, supporting circulation of causative agents of dangerous diseases among farm animals and people (salmonellosis, brucellosis, tuberculosis, helminthoses, coccidioses and others). Large number of animals at agricultural complexes in case of a non-optimal technology of breeding contributes to spreading and maintenance of various dangerous diseases reducing productivity and vitality of animals. Authors of the article stating the problem provide arguments and suggest switching to ecologically and economically optimal technologies of farm animals breeding, based on modern, scientifically developed technologies of agricultural production. In order to optimize microclimate of livestock rooms, it is necessary to more intensively implement methods of ionization, ozonizing and use of the microorganisms utilizing waste products of farm animals, as well as microorganisms antagonistic to pathogens. Innovative technologies of keeping animals should using a scientific basis unite livestock breeding, soil science and crop growing into a single cycle, what would allow to minimize circulation of pathogens in the environment, ensure ecological and food safety of the Russian Federation.