Sensitive periods of development of basic components of the profile component of personal physical culture of preschool children aged 6-7 years

Relevance. The results of the analysis of scientific and methodological publications indicate that one of the most important theoretical and empirical problems of the process of physical education is the objective determination of the boundary age values of sensitive periods of development of basic personal characteristics of preschool children. Its objective solution is a serious argument for the effectiveness of evaluating the developmental capabilities of experimental methods of purposeful use of physical culture and sports activities in connection with the development of the personality of pupils of preschool educational organizations (pre-school institutions). According to some scientists, one of the systemic shortcomings of the existing methodology for determining the level of sensitivity of various age periods of preschool childhood in the context of the formation and development of indicators of the physical and mental sphere of children is the use of only one parameter - the values of their growth rates, as a rule, in a one-year educational cycle. In this regard, in the course of many years of research, an attempt is made to substantiate a new approach to determining the boundary values of sensitive periods of development of indicators of physical fitness, mental processes, and emotional-volitional indicators of the properties of preschool children aged 6-7 years. Determining the composition of the analyzed personal characteristics was based on the recommendations set out in the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education (2013). The aim of the study is to provide a meaningful justification for a new approach to determining the level of sensitivity in the age periods of development of personal characteristics of preschool children aged 6-7years. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, psychological testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The results of the conducted research allow us to formulate the following theoretical and empirical conclusions: 1) The use of set of indicators of dynamics of parameters of physical fitness characteristics, mental processes and emotional-volitional properties of children 6-7 years to determine the level of sensitivity of age periods of development increases the level of accuracy of empirical data and the quality of developmental experimental effects. 2) Mandatory indicators that comprehensively determine the level of sensitivity of the required age periods include parameters of informative growth rates and reliability of changes in the annual cycle of analyzed personal characteristics of preschool children aged 6-7years. 3) The procedural basis for determining the level of sensitivity of the age periods of children aged 6-7 years is the elements of mathematical and statistical modeling, integrated within the framework of a reasonable formula. Conclusions The developed formula is effective due to the expediency of its use in the following areas: - specification of the boundary values of sensitive periods of development of any personal characteristics of various gender and age groups engaged in physical culture and sports activities; - increasing the level of reliability of the obtained scientific facts, based on combining the use of objective mathematical and statistical parameters. The listed methodological and technological features of replicating this approach in the practice of physical education will, in our opinion, significantly clarify many well-established views on the problem of sensitive periods of development of personal characteristics of a person.