Sexual education in orphanage

An important aspect in life of each person is belonging to a defined sex which fixes the idea of personality as a carrier of a defined sex including specific for men and women characteristics, needs, motives, value orientations, features of behavior. Sexual identity which gets deeply into consciousness of a personality sets the vector of socialization of an individual. For successful adaptation and integration into society as a full member a child has to be brought up in a family where there is formation of standard gender orientations and behavior stereotypes. Gender roles are acquired through imitation of the representatives of the gender, through identification with them and isolation from the opposite sex during certain age periods. However children brought up in orphanages have limited opportunities on knowledge of these orientations. Every year the problem of social orphanhood gets catastrophic scales being one of the negative tendencies of modern society. The determinants of this phenomenon are not only changing social-economic conditions in the country but also first of all degradation of moral foundations, family and marriage values, a loss of adults' responsibility for the destiny of their children and families. Today in most cases the pupils of orphanages are social orphans who have parents deprived of the parental rights by the state because of inadequate education. These negative reasons can be eliminated by such sexual education which as much as possible fills the lack of a family and provides sexual development of the identity of children without guardianship or parents. An analysis of researches shows that scientists make the subject of analysis various aspects of sexual consciousness of children without parental support M. Langmeyer, Z. Mat-eychek [1], V.S. Mukhina [2], A.M. Prihozhan [3]. Noting the fruitfulness of these researches it is necessary to recognize that there are many aspects of sexual education of pupils of orphanages left out of sight of scientists. One of such aspects is formation of good sexual breeding of children without parental support. In science the problem of formation of good sexual breeding of children deprived of parental guardianship who are brought up in orphanage isn't fully comprehended and studied yet, and this makes the fundamental difference of the ideas of the Project from the existing analogs. The requirement to fill this blank in scientific knowledge also defines the novelty of our research.

Scientific novelty. The essence of sexual education of children in orphanage will be studied and proved. The principles, the contents, methods and forms of sexual education of children in orphanage will be developed and proved. Methodical instructions for teachers on sexual education of children in orphanage will be developed. A monograph "Sexual education of children in orphanage" will be prepared for publishing. Among many problems arising in studying of sexual education of children in orphanage it is necessary to study those that are connected with justification of the essence with specification of the contents of this phenomenon and determination of the specifics of good sexual breeding of children without parental support. Now many issues connected with sexual education of children in orphanage demand conceptualization. Recently a tendency to feminization of men and masculinization of women has been observed in society which is negatively reflected in the parent-child relations, education, the role structure of a family and respectively in good sexual breeding of children what complicates an adequate choice of the gender position of a child. Positive and negative examples of masculinity and femininity, generating a conflict system of requirements, can distort the process of sexual education of children in orphanage. Thus there are obvious contradictions between the existing negative phenomena in society and the tasks of the institutes of public education in development of a socially adapted identity of a pupil of orphanage as a full member of society and representative of a defined sex; between practical need of formation of a system of values of gender among children without parental support and insufficient representation of theoretical bases for determination of the ways of sexual education of this category of children during transition to independent life in science.

The importance of the project on national and international scale is that the research carried out by us makes a certain contribution to solution of the scientific problem which has important psycho-pedagogical value on national and international scale, - the problems of formation of good sexual breeding of children without parental support, creation of a practice of education filling the lack of a family and providing sexual health and full development of the identity of orphan children.

The influence of the received results on the development of science and technologies is that they open possibilities for development of various aspects of sexual education of students such as: research of ethnopedagogical bases of sexual education of children; research of pedagogical bases of sexual education of pupils of boarding schools; research of pedagogical bases of sexual education of students in a hostel; research of readiness of parents for sexual education of children; research of technology of ssexual education of adopted children.

The expected social and economic effect consists in the fact that the results of the research in the social plan will considerably increase sexual culture of society, the efficiency of sexual education of orphan children that will in turn be reflected in strengthening of foundations of a family and family relations, decrease and exclude sexual crimes, sexual diseases, children childbirths and abortions. In the economic plan the results of the research will allow to considerably lower the costs of the state for re-education of morally neglected children, strengthening of foundations of a family and family relations, prevention and fight against sexual crimes, sexual diseases, children childbirths and abortions.